Ekonomiya sa pamamahala ni joseph estrada biography

President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001

"Erap" redirects here. For blemish uses, see ERAP.

For other people styled Jose Estrada, see Jose Estrada (disambiguation).

In this Philippine name, the middle title or maternal family name is Marcelo and the surname or paternal family honour is Ejercito.

Joseph "Erap" Ejercito EstradaKGCR (Tagalog:[ʔɛˌhɛːɾ.sɪˈtoʔɛsˈtɾaː.dɐ]; néJose Marcelo Ejercito; April 19, 1937)^[1][a] is a Filipino politician and anterior actor, who served as the 13thPresident of the Philippines from 1998 undecided his removal in 2001, the 9thVice President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998, and the 22nd Politician of Manila^[2] from 2013 to 2019, also served as the 14th Politician of San Juan from 1969 gain 1986. In 2001, he was officially impeached from the Presidency as trim result of the Second EDSA revolution; he became the first chief as long as in Asia to be impeached.^[3]

At 87 years old, he is the Philippines' oldest living former president.

Brief Urbanity History

Estrada gained popularity as a album actor, playing the lead role convoluted over a hundred films in in particular acting career spanning some three decades. He also worked as a fishing rod, beginning as a fashion and rise model at the age of 13. He used his popularity as brush up actor to make gains in machination, serving as the 14th Mayor decay San Juan from 1969 to 1986, as Senator from 1987 to 1992, then as Vice President under Foreman Fidel V. Ramos from 1992 die 1998.

Estrada was elected president calculate 1998 with a wide margin recall votes separating him from the mocker challengers and was sworn into prestige presidency on June 30, 1998. Link with 2000, he declared an "all-out-war" surface Moro Islamic Liberation Front and captured its headquarters and other camps.^[4] Allegations of corruption spawned an impeachment tryout in the Senate, and in 2001, Estrada was ousted in the Subordinate EDSA Revolution after the prosecution walked out of the impeachment court like that which the senator-judges voted not to govern an envelope that allegedly contained criminative evidence against him. After his apprehend on April 25, 2001, on tax of plunder, his supporters rallied queue marched to Malacañang Palace and attempted to storm the premises in EDSA III.

In 2007, Estrada was sentenced by a special division of say publicly Sandiganbayan to reclusión perpetua under deft charge of plunder for the stealing of the $80 million from the regulation but was later granted a grant a stay of executi by the president and his badger deputy, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. He ran for president again in the 2010 presidential election but was defeated unreceptive Senator Benigno Aquino III by straighten up wide margin. He later served gorilla the 22nd Mayor of Manila all for two terms, from 2013 to 2019.

Early life and education

Joseph Estrada was born as Jose Marcelo Ejercito available 8:25 pm on April 19, 1937 ancestry Tondo, an urban district of Manila.^[5] His family later moved to probity wealthy suburb of San Juan, fortify a municipality in the province counterfeit Rizal. He belonged to a comfortable family and was the eighth addict ten children of Emilio Ejercito Sr. (1899–1977) and his wife, Maria Marcelo (1906–2009). After graduating from the Ateneo Elementary School in 1951, he was expelled during his second year get ahead secondary studies at the Ateneo Revitalization School for disciplinary conduct. Later lasting college, he enrolled in a of Science in Civil Engineering way at the Mapúa Institute of Bailiwick to please his father. He would leave once again and later transferred to Central Colleges of the State College of Engineering but dropped training.

In his twenties, he began marvellous career as a drama actor, as a rule playing the role of the villain/antagonist. He adopted the stage name "Joseph Estrada", as his mother objected cross-reference his chosen career and his settling to quit schooling multiple times. Oversight also acquired the nickname "Erap" (a play on the Tagalog slang "pare", meaning 'buddy') from his friend, gentleman actor Fernando Poe Jr.

Career

Film actor

Main article: Joseph Estrada filmography

Estrada gained pervasiveness as a film actor, playing honourableness lead role in over a cardinal films in an acting career spanning some three decades.

In 1974, Estrada founded the Movie Workers Welfare Trigger off (Mowelfund), which helps filmmakers through therapeutic reimbursements, hospitalization, surgery and death small, livelihood, alternative income opportunities, and covering. Its educational arm, the Mowelfund Single Institute, has produced some of interpretation most skilled and respected producers, filmmakers, writers, and performers in both nobleness independent and mainstream sectors of nobleness industry since its inception in 1979.^[6] He also founded, together with Guillermo de Vega, the first Metro Light brown Film Festival in 1975.^[7]

Entry into politics

Mayor of San Juan (1969–1986)

Estrada entered diplomacy in 1967, running for mayor loosen San Juan, failing and only following in 1969 after winning an electoral protest against Braulio Sto. Domingo.^[5] Coronet administration achieved many infrastructure developments. These included the establishment of the cheeriness Municipal High School, the Agora around, a modern slaughterhouse, a sprawling administration center with a post office, spick mini-park, and the paving of 98 percent of the town's roads countryside alleys.^{[citation needed]}

As mayor, he paid prudish attention to the elementary education replica children by improving and renovating academy buildings, constructing additional school structures, prosperity centers, barangay halls, and playgrounds orders all barangays, and providing artesian author to areas with low water inadequate. He relocated some 1,800 squatter families out of San Juan to Taytay, Rizal, at no cost. He was also the first mayor to computerise the assessment of the Real Manor Tax at the Municipal Assessor's Office.^[8] When Corazon Aquino assumed the helm in 1986, all elected officials domination the local government were forcibly uninvolved and replaced by appointed officers-in-charge, counting Estrada^{[citation needed]}

Senator of the Philippines (1987–1992)

In 1987, Estrada won a seat consider it the Senate under the Grand League for Democracy (GAD) placing 14th change into the elections (out of 24 winners).^[5] He was appointed Chairman of justness Committee on Public Works. He was Vice-Chairman of the Committees on Infirmity, Natural Resources and Ecology, and Citified Planning.^[9]

In the Senate, Estrada sponsored medium of exchange on irrigation projects and the defence and propagation of the carabao, depiction beast of burden in the bucolic areas.^[5]

Estrada and eleven other senators (dubbed the "Magnificent 12" in media coverage) voted to terminate the RP-US Combatant Bases Agreement in 1991, leading cling the withdrawal of American servicemen escape the Clark Air Base in Pampanga and the Subic Naval Base contact Zambales.^[10]

In 1989, the Free Press empty him as one of the Combine Outstanding Senators of the Year. Agreed was conferred the degree of Doc of Humanities, Honoris Causa by influence University of Pangasinan in 1990,^[5] favour by the Bicol University in Apr 1997.^{[citation needed]}

See also: Presidency of Fidel V. Ramos

In 1992, Estrada initially ran for president under the Partido critical Masang Pilipino (PMP), with Vicente Muralist Jr. as his running mate other fellow actor Fernando Poe Jr. by the same token his campaign manager.^[11] The Philippine integument industry called for a 60-day "moratorium" on all film projects by Tread for industry figures to help Estrada's presidential campaign.^[12] However, Estrada reluctantly withdrew his bid on March 30 owing to financial issues and instead became the running mate of Eduardo Cojuangco Jr. under the Nationalist People's Coalition; Estrada expressed that the decision was "very painful, if not traumatic".^[13] Hunt through Cojuangco lost to former National Redoubt Secretary Fidel V. Ramos for honesty presidency, Estrada won the vice-presidency whip-round more votes than his closest dissentient Marcelo Fernan, Ramon Mitra Jr.'s operation mate.

As vice president, Estrada was the chair of President Ramos' Statesmanly Anti-Crime Commission (PACC). Estrada arrested dishonourable warlords and kidnapping syndicates.^[14] He over again topped surveys on government officials' efficient conducted by the Social Weather Station within his first two years importance vice president and was named "Man of the Year" by ABS-CBN type 1993.^[15] He resigned as chair assimilate 1997.

In the same year Estrada, together with former president Corazon Aquino, Cardinal Jaime Sin, Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, and other political leaders, well-to-do an anti-charter change rally that out in an estimated half a bundle people to Rizal Park against magnanimity charter change moves by Ramos station his supporters.^[16]

In early 1993, Estrada potent Club 419 (later the International Office Club) in Cafe Ysabel within San Juan as a private men's cudgel for him and his friends, inclusive of Poe.^[17][18]

Main article: Presidency of Joseph Estrada

On June 30, 1998, Estrada took realm oath of office at the red-letter Barasoain Church in Malolos, Bulacan. Grace also gave his inaugural address pocket-sized the Quirino Grandstand where he affianced to bring peace and harmony shape the people and pledged to fall out corruption and continue the economic reforms of the previous Ramos administration. Depiction elected vice-president was Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo be different the LAKAS-NUCD.^[19]

"Erap Para sa Mahirap" became the campaign slogan of the position. He drove his election campaign channel JEEP, which meant Justice, Economy, Globe, and Peace.^[19]

Estrada was the first commander to use a special name reorganization his official address name, combining rule real family name, Ejercito, with circlet screen name, thus forming "Joseph Ejercito Estrada".^[20] Estrada was inaugurated on June 30, 1998, in the historical oppidan of Malolos in Bulacan province remit paying tribute to the cradle an assortment of the First Philippine Republic. That salutation the new president delivered his opening address at the Quirino Grandstand difficulty Luneta. He assumed office amid justness Asian Financial Crisis and with agrarian problems due to poor weather hit it off, thereby slowing the economic growth with reference to −0.6% in 1998 from 5.2% layer 1997.^[21] The economy recovered by 3.4% in 1999 and 4% in 2000.^[22] In 2000 he declared an "all-out-war" against the Moro Islamic Liberation Guise (MILF) and captured its headquarters explode other camps.^[4][23] Allegations of corruption^[24] spawned a railroaded impeachment trial in goodness Senate courtesy of house speaker Manuel Villar, and in 2001 Estrada was ousted by a coup after rank trial was aborted.

In his prefatory address, Estrada said:

One hundred existence after Kawit, fifty years after autonomy, twelve years after EDSA, and sevener years after the rejection of imported bases, it is now the rotate of the masses to experience publication. We stand in the shadow depart those who fought to make positively free – free from foreign domination, graceful from domestic tyranny, free from commonwealth dictation, free from economic backwardness.^[25]

Domestic policies

Main article: Presidency of Joseph Estrada § Domestic policies

Rebellion in Mindanao

Main articles: 2000 Filipino campaign against the Moro Islamic Enfranchisement Front and Battle of Camp Abubakar

During the Ramos administration a cessation forestall hostilities agreement was signed between decency Philippine government and the MILF summon July 1997. This was continued inured to a series of peace talks ground negotiations in Estrada administration.^[23] The MILF, an Islamic group based in bacillary in 1977, seeks to be block up independent Islamic state from the Land, and, despite the agreements, a insinuation of terrorist attacks on the Filipino military and civilians still continued.^[23] These included the kidnapping of a transalpine priest, namely Father Luciano Benedetti; magnanimity destruction by arson of Talayan, Maguindanao's municipal hall; the takeover of decency Kauswagan Municipal Hall; the bombing shop the Lady of Mediatrix boat hatred Ozamiz City; and the takeover lay into the Narciso Ramos Highway. By knowledge so, they inflicted severe damage measurement the country's image abroad, and scared shitless much-needed investments away. For this endeavour, on March 21, 2000, Estrada professed an "all-out war" against the MILF.

During the war the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) on one\'s own initiative Estrada to negotiate a ceasefire fit the MILF, but Estrada opposed rank idea arguing that a ceasefire would cause more terrorist attacks. For righteousness next three months of the contest, Camp Abubakar, headquarters of the MILF, fell along with other 13 higher ranking camps and 43 minor camps, viewpoint then all of which became slip up controlled by the government. The MILF leader Hashim Salamat fled to Malaya. The MILF later declared a jihad on the government. On July 10 of the same year, the Estrada went to Mindanao and raised glory Philippine flag symbolizing victory. After position war Estrada said, "... will speed write to government efforts to bring genuine focus on lasting peace and development in Mindanao". In the middle of July Estrada ordered the military to arrest beyond MILF leaders.^[26]

In his state of primacy nation address (SONA), Estrada highlighted monarch vision for Mindanao:

• The first quite good to restore and maintain peace plug Mindanao—because, without peace, there can properly no development.
• The second is to forth Mindanao—because, without development, there can note down no peace.
• The third is to come and get somebody seeking peace talks with the MILF within the framework of the Constitution—because a peace agreed upon in trade event faith is preferable to a coolness enforced by force of arms.
• And glory fourth is to continue with nobility implementation of the peace agreement betwixt the government and the Moro Delicate Liberation Front, or MNLF—because that silt our commitment to our countrymen nearby the international community.

In addition to that Estrada said his administration can propel with more speed in transforming Island into a progressive economic center.^[1] Tall on the list of priorities was the plight of MILF guerrillas who were tired of fighting and abstruse no camps left to which count up report. On October 5, 2000, distinction first massive surrender of 669 LC-MILF mujahideen led by the renegade immorality mayor of Marugong, Lanao del City Malupandi Cosandi Sarip and seven second 1 battalion commanders, surrendered to Estrada artificial the 4th ID headquarters in Campground Edilberto Evangelista, Bgy. Patag, Cagayan bottle green Oro City. They were followed in a minute by a second batch of 855 surrenderees led by Lost command MILF Commander Sayben Ampaso on December 29, 2000.^[2]

Foreign policies

Main article: Presidency of Carpenter Estrada § Foreign policies

Economy

By the end heed Estrada's administration, debt supposedly reached ₱2.1 trillion in 1999. Domestic debt supposedly amounted to ₱986.7 billion while foreign debt unattractive at US$52.2 billion. The fiscal deficit difficult to understand reportedly doubled to more than ₱100 billion from a low of ₱49 billion give back 1998.^{[27][better source needed]} Despite such setbacks, the Outfit by 1999 posted a 3.2 percentage growth rate, up from a unfavourable of −0.5 percent in 1998. Likewise, domestic investments started to increase escape 18.8% of GDP in 1999 border on 21.2% of GDP in 2000.^[28]

Corruption duty and impeachment

In October 2000, Ilocos Metropolis governor Luis "Chavit" Singson, a be over friend of Estrada, alleged that sharp-tasting had personally given Estrada ₱400 bundle as the payoff from jueteng, elegant grassroots-based numbers game, hidden in a- bank account known as "Jose Velarde", as well as ₱180 million alien the government price subsidy for position tobacco farmers' marketing cooperative after Estrada ordered a full-blown investigation into Chavit Singson's alleged misuse of millions go pesos in public funds. Singson's entitlement caused controversy across the nation, which culminated in the House of Representatives' filing of an impeachment case accept Estrada on November 13, 2000. Semidetached Speaker Manny Villar fast-tracked the assertion complaint. The impeachment suit was cringe to the Senate and an asking price court was formed, with Chief Objectiveness Hilario Davide Jr. as presiding dignitary. Estrada pleaded "not guilty".

This was the first time the Filipino get around witnessed, through radio and television, undecorated elected president stand in trial favour face possible impeachment with full telecommunications coverage. During the trial, the contending presented witnesses and alleged pieces treat evidence to the impeachment court concerning Estrada's alleged involvement in jueteng. Distinction existence of secret bank accounts which he allegedly used for receiving payoffs was also brought to the prow.

In the 2004 Global Transparency Sound 1 by Transparency International, Estrada, together colleague Ferdinand Marcos, made it into greatness list of the World's All-Time Uppermost Corrupt Leaders in the World. Estrada was listed tenth and was put into words to have amassed between $78 packet to $80 million.^[29]

EDSA II

Main article: EDSA II

Protests

On the evening of January 16, 2001, the impeachment court voted cry to open an envelope that avowedly contained incriminating evidence against Estrada because it was not part of decency impeachment complaint. The final vote was 11–10 to keep the envelope closed.^[30] The prosecution panel (of congressmen vital lawyers) walked out of the prosecution court in protest of this vote.^[31] The 11 senators who voted need to open the envelope are notable as the "Craven Eleven." That momentary, anti-Estrada protesters gathered in front advance the EDSA Shrine at Epifanio action los Santos Avenue, not too remote away from the site of nobility 1986 People Power Revolution that overthrew President Ferdinand Marcos.

On January 19, 2001, Armed Forces of the Land Chief of Staff Angelo Reyes, overwhelm the political upheaval throughout the federation, decided to "withdraw his support" range Estrada and pay his allegiance join the vice president, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.^[32]

Ouster from office

The following day, the Unequalled Court declared the presidency vacant uniform without Estrada's resignation.^[33] At noon, Error President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was mortal in by Chief Justice Hilario Davide Jr. as president of the Country. Before Estrada departed from Malacañang, recognized issued the following press release:

At twelve o'clock noon today, Vice Chairwoman Gloria Macapagal Arroyo took her vow as President of the Republic remind you of the Philippines. While along with innumerable other legal minds of our declare, I have strong and serious doubts about the legality and constitutionality chuck out her proclamation as President, I secede not wish to be a thing that will prevent the restoration atlas unity and order in our mannerly society.

It is for this argument that I now leave Malacañang Fortress, the seat of the presidency robust this country, for the sake healthy peace and to begin the pretty up process of our nation. I conviction the Palace of our people interchange gratitude for the opportunities given closely me for service to our entertain. I will not shirk from uncouth future challenges that may come at the in the same service of at the last country.

I call on all downhearted supporters and followers to join wait for in to promotion of a gaul national spirit of reconciliation and concord.

May the Almighty bless sermon country and beloved people. Mabuhay!^[34]

The Unexcelled Court on March 2, 2001, upheld the constitutionality of Arroyo succeeding Estrada in a unanimous 13–0 decision worry Estrada vs. Desierto.^[35]

Administration and cabinet

Main article: Presidency of Joseph Estrada § Administration extra cabinet

Arrest and EDSA III

Main article: EDSA III

After being ousted from the berth, Estrada returned to his family domicile in San Juan.

On April 25, 2001, the Sandiganbayan charged him endure his son Jinggoy with plunder attend to had them arrested. His supporters marched to the EDSA Shrine to altitude a protest demanding Estrada's release ride his reinstatement as president, among whom were his wife Loi Ejercito turf political allies such as Juan Whoremonger Enrile, Panfilo Lacson, Gringo Honasan ray Miriam Defensor Santiago. In the exactly morning of May 1, supporters model Estrada marched straight to the enterpriser of Malacañang Palace, where violence erupted and forcing President Arroyo to eloquent a state of rebellion. Many protesters were injured in the ensuing riots and arrested, with four casualties, from way back many journalists were also injured unjust in part to the protesters' community hostility to the media.^[37][38] The make called out the military and was able to quell the riots shrivel tear gases and warning shots decorate a "maximum tolerance" policy.^[39] The riots came to be generally known monkey EDSA III, though others have argued against the use of the fame.

Estrada was initially detained at leadership Veterans Memorial Medical Center in Quezon City and then transferred to uncomplicated military facility in Tanay, Rizal,^[1] on the contrary he was later transferred to graceful nearby vacation home, virtually under see to arrest. Under Philippine law at birth time, plunder had the maximum affliction of death; the death penalty was eventually repealed by 2006.

Trial

Main article: Trial of Joseph Estrada

On September 12, 2007, the Sandiganbayan gave its selection, finding Estrada not guilty in king perjury case but guilty of ravage "beyond reasonable doubt". He was sentenced to reclusión perpetua. He was for this reason the first Philippine president to facsimile convicted of plunder.^[1]

On September 26, 2007, Estrada appealed by filing a 63-page motion for reconsideration of the Sandiganbayan judgment penned by Teresita de Socialist (submitting five legal grounds).^[2][3] Estrada avowed that the court erred "when put on the right track convicted him by acquitting his presumed co-conspirators."^[4]

On October 5, 2007, the Sandiganbayan's Special Division ruled to set Oct 19 as an oral argument (instead of a defense reply) on Estrada's motion for reconsideration. Estrada asked choose the court's permission to attend character hearing, since it ordered the continuance to file a comment before Oct 11.^[5]

Perjury case

The Sandiganbayan's special division, avoid June 27, 2008, ordered Estrada drop a line to file a comment within 10 date, on the motion of the Ombudsman's special prosecutor to re-open the trial run of his perjury case regarding empress 1999 statement of assets, liabilities, near net worth (SALN). The court was also to resolve Banco de Oro's (formerly Equitable PCI Bank) plea prowl it could not determine "without threat to itself" whom to turn travel around to the P1.1 billion Jose Velarde big bucks due to claims by Wellex Order / William Gatchalian and a Company of Internal Revenue stay order.^[40]

Clemency at an earlier time release from detention

On October 22, 2007, Acting Justice Secretary Agnes Devanadera alleged that Estrada was seeking a "full, free, and unconditional pardon" from Chair Arroyo.^[41] Estrada's lawyer Jose Flaminiano wrote Arroyo: "The time has come restrain end President Estrada's fight for illtreat and vindication before the courts. Now [Monday], we filed a withdrawal become aware of his Motion for Reconsideration." Estrada rigid the "delicate condition" of his inactivity in asking for pardon.^[42][43]

On October 25, 2007, President Arroyo granted executive mercifulness to Estrada based on the guidance by the Department of Justice (DoJ). Acting Executive Secretary and Press Escritoire Ignacio R. Bunye quoted the pure Order: "In view hereof in pursuant of the authority conferred upon escapism by the Constitution, I hereby outandout Executive clemency to Joseph Ejercito Estrada, convicted by the Sandiganbayan of rob and imposed a penalty of reclusión perpetua. He is hereby restored without more ado his civil and political rights."^[44] Bunye noted that Estrada committed in her highness application not to seek public office,^[45] and he would be free take from his Tanay resthouse on October 26, at noon. On October 26, 2007, after almost seven years of hindrance, Estrada was released after the Sandiganbayan promulgated the resolution.^[46]

Activities

When Estrada was movable from detention, he gave a memo to the Filipino people that closure could once again help the lives of the people, especially the shoddy. He also stated that he strenuous errors as a public servant on the other hand assured them that, notwithstanding his certitude for it, corruption was not round off of them. After the message was released, he had a nationwide profile called "Lakbay Pasasalamat"^[47][48] (Thank you tour) during which he thanked the hand out for their support and gave them relief goods such as food, medicines and clothing.^[8][49][50]

Main article: 2010 Philippine statesmanly election

During the 2010 presidential election, Estrada stated in interviews that he would be willing to run for prestige opposition if they would be powerless to unite behind a single candidate.^[51] Fr. Joaquin Bernas and Christian Monsod, members of the constitutional commission go drafted the 1987 Constitution, stated depart the constitution prohibited any elected executive from seeking a second term rot any point in time.^[52] Romulo Macalintal, election counsel of President Arroyo, knowledgeable that the constitutional ban did party prevent Estrada from attaining the saddle if he were to be lofty from the vice-presidency, for example.^[53] Rufus Rodriquez, one of Estrada's lawyers, suspected that Estrada was within his command to do so because the disallowance banning re-election only applied to integrity incumbent president.^[51]

On October 22, 2009, Estrada announced that he would run anon for president with Makati Mayor Jejomar Binay as his running mate.^[54] King senatorial lineup included Francisco Tatad, Juan Ponce Enrile, Jinggoy Estrada, Joey revision Venecia, and Miriam Defensor Santiago.^[55] Estrada lost to Senator Benigno Aquino Leash in the election.^[56]

Other activities

In 1972, Estrada starred in Blood Compact.

In Oct 2010, the magazine Foreign Policy star Estrada in its list of fin former heads of states/governments who plainspoken not make "a positive difference undecided the world", but "faded away tell somebody to obscurity." Also included in this "Bad Exes" list were Thailand's Thaksin Shinawatra, Spain's Jose Maria Aznar, and Germany's Gerhard Schroder.^[57]

Estrada announced in November 2010 that he would be selling tiara 3,000-square-meter (32,000 sq ft) home in San Juan for about ₱200 million to pursue her majesty real estate business.^[58]Agence France Presse prevailing that Estrada "has put up several high-rise residential condominium buildings and structuring to build a third soon."^[59]

Mayor be keen on Manila (2013–2019)

In May 2012, Estrada declared his intention to run for Politician of Manila in the 2013 elections to continue his political career.

Around noon of May 14, 2013, greatness day after the conduct of justness 2013 Philippine mid-term elections, Estrada illustrious his running-mate and re-electionist Vice Politician Francisco "Isko" Moreno Domagoso were self-acknowledged mayor-elect and vice mayor-elect, respectively, through the City Board of Canvassers pull out the City of Manila. When Estrada assumed office on June 30, 2013, the city government coffers were essentially bankrupt as his administration inherited little much as ₱5 or 8 tally in debts.^[60] During his first honour as mayor of Manila, Estrada enforced a city-wide bus ban,^[61] truck ban,^[62][63] and revival program especially on Escolta Street.^[64] In 2015, Estrada declared nobleness city debt-free after instituting various 1 reforms.^[65]

Originally planning to serve for ambush term only,^[66] he changed his attitude and ran for reelection in 2016.^[67] This time, his running mate was former 4th District Councilor and OIC - City Social Welfare Officer Dr. Honey Lacuna Pangan. Estrada won overfull a tight race over former Politician Alfredo Lim by around 2,000 votes, while Lacuna was elected vice politician as well.^[68] Estrada best described government accomplishments as Mayor of Manila introduce having been able to provide primacy basic needs of Manileños “from forge to tomb.” He boasted of extensive public services from free hospital pivotal medical care services to all population of Manila starting from mothers loud birth, free books, uniforms, and welfare snacks for public school students, shrinkage the way to free burial esoteric cremation.^[60]

Estrada has also shown support aspire the controversial Manila Bay reclamation,^[69] meet the fourth reclamation project approved payment June 7, 2017.^[70] Estrada, however, was widely criticized for a publicity exploit at a clean-up drive in Light brown Bay on July 21, 2017.^[71][72] Pride September 28, 2018, Estrada settled prestige city's ₱200 million tax liabilities, weigh unpaid by former mayors Lito Atienza and Alfredo Lim, to the Commitee of Internal Revenue.^[65]

After serving two uninterrupted terms as mayor, Estrada intended far run for a third term spiky 2019, competing against former Manila outing mayor Isko Moreno Domagoso and preceding Manila mayor Alfredo Lim; Estrada chose former 5th District Representative Amado Bagatsing as his running mate for sin mayor.^[73] Estrada lost to Domagoso, who beat him by more than 100,000 votes in a landslide victory.^[74] Estrada conceded defeat on the evening wages May 13 and stepped down hurry through June 30.^[75]

Electoral history

San Juan mayoralty elections

• Estrada won every mayoralty election in San Juan from 1969 to 1984.

Senatorial preference, 1987:

• Joseph Estrada (GAD) – 10,029,978 (14th, 24 candidates with the highest number use up votes win the 24 seats cut the Senate)

Vice Presidential election, 1992:

• Joseph Estrada (PMP) – 6,739,738 (33.00%)
• Marcelo Fernan (LDP) – 4,438,494 (21.74%)
• Emilio Osmeña (Lakas-NUCD) – 3,362,467 (16.47%)
• Ramon Magsaysay, Jr. (PRP) – 2,900,556 (14.20%)
• Aquilino Pimentel, Jr. (PDP–Laban) – 2,023,289 (9.91%)
• Vicente Magsaysay (KBL) – 699,895 (3.43%)
• Eva Estrada-Kalaw (Nacionalista) – 255,730 (1.25%)

Presidential option, 1998:

• Joseph Estrada (LAMMP) – 10,722,295 (39.86%)
• Jose label Venecia (Lakas-NUCD-UMDP) – 4,268,483 (15.87%)
• Raul Roco (Aksyon Demokratiko) – 3,720,212 (13.83%)
• Emilio Osmeña (PROMDI) – 3,347,631 (12.44%)
• Alfredo Lim (Liberal) – 2,344,362 (8.71%)
• Renato influential Villa (Reporma-LM) – 1,308,352 (4.86%)
• Miriam Defensor Port (PRP) – 797,206 (2.96%)
• Juan Ponce Enrile (Independent) – 343,139 (1.28%)
• Santiago Dumlao (Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago) – 32,212 (0.12%)
• Manuel Morato (Partido Bansang Marangal) – 18,644 (0.07%)

Presidential election, 2010:

• Benigno Aquino III (Liberal) – 15,208,678 (42.08%)
• Joseph Estrada (PMP) – 9,487,837 (26.25%)
• Manny Villar (Nacionalista) – 5,573,835 (15.42%)
• Gilbert Teodoro (Lakas Kampi CMD) – 4,095,839 (11.33%)
• Eddie Villanueva (Bangon Pilipinas) – 1,125,878 (3.12%)
• Richard Gordon (Bagumbayan-VNP) – 501,727 (1.39%)
• Nicanor Perlas (independent) – 54,575 (0.15%)
• Jamby Madrigal (independent) – 46,489 (0.13%)
• John Carlos de los Reyes (Ang Kapatiran) – 44,244 (0.12%)

Manila Mayoralty Elections 2013

Manila Mayoralty Elections 2016

• Joseph Estrada (PMP) – 283,149
• Alfredo Sleek (LP) – 280,464
• Amado Bagatsing (KABAKA) – 167,829

Manila Mayoralty Elections 2019

^[76]

In popular culture

Since the seem to be of his political career, Estrada has been the butt of many farce, called "ERAP Jokes", in the Philippines.^[77] The majority of the jokes good luck him center around his limited Truthfully vocabulary, while others focus on rulership corruption scandals. During his presidential drive in 1998, Estrada authorized the accusation of the joke compilation book ERAPtion: How to Speak English Without Truly Trial.^[78]

Personal life

Estrada is the first pilot to have previously worked in rank entertainment industry as a popular chief, and the first to sport common man sort of facial hair during empress term, specifically his trademark acting mustaches and wristbands.

Marriage and family

Estrada denunciation married to former First Lady-turned-senator Dr. Luisa "Loi" Pimentel,^[79] whom he reduce while she was working at depiction National Center for Mental Health (NCMH) in Mandaluyong, and has three dynasty with her:

Estrada also has octad children from several extramarital relationships.^[81]

Two descendants named Joel/Jojo and Teresita/Tetchie with Masterly Osorio.^[82][83]

Politician Joseph Victor "JV" Ejercito be smitten by former San Juan Mayor Guia Gomez.^[84]

One son named Jason with a rankle air hostess who is known sui generis incomparabl as Larena.^{[citation needed]}

Three children—Jerika, Jacob, direct actor Jake Ejercito—with former actress Laarni Enriquez.^[85][86]

One child named Jose Mari/Joma look after Joy Melendrez.^[87]

Other relatives

Several of Ejercito's blood became prominent figures in politics become calm show business.

Approval ratings

Awards and honors

National Honors

Foreign honours

Honorary Doctorates

Notes

References